One of our few true onomatopoeic bird names, also true for many other countries, as in:
Coucou (France),
Kukuk (Germany),
Koekoek (Holland)
Cucco, Cucullo (Italy),
Koku (Iran). Has also been called Gowk (N. England, Scotland) and Gawky (Dorset). These latter two names possibly derive from the Anglo-Saxon
Gaec as we also have
Goek (Sweden) and
Gouk (Norway)..
Swainson (1885) suggests that the folk lore of the Cuckoo is almost inexhaustible. Much of this, over 40 pages of it, is helpfully collated in James Hardy’s ‘History of the Cuckoo’ published in
The Folk-Lore Record: Vol 2 1879 pp 47-91. To save you looking it up it’s
here , if you want it.
As you can have this for a mere click I will just include the merest snippet. Firstly we have to have, because it comes from Norfolk, this rhyme:
"In April, the cuckoo shows his bill
In May, he sings both night and day
In June, he altereth his tune
In July, he prepares to fly
Come August, go he must.
OK, I suppose I really ought to include what is reputed to be the oldest English secular song, well Middle-English anyway. It dates to somewhere around early to mid 1200’s:
"Sumer is icumen in,
Lhude sing cuccu
Groweth sed, and bloweth med,1
And springth the wde 2 nu
Sing, cuccu ! "
"Awe 3 bleteth after lomb
Lhouth 4 after calve
Bulluc sterteth 5; buck verteth 6
Miirie, sing cuccu "
"Cuccu, cuccu, well sings thu, cuccu
Ne swike7 thu naver
Sing, cuccu, nu, sing, cuccu
Sing, cuccu, nu, sing, cuccu "
As it is possible you are not fluent in middlle English:1 meadow, 2 weed, 3 ewe, 4 loweth 5 leaps about, 6 fern, 7 cease.
We all know that the cuckoo predicts summer, but it is considered by some to have quite precise timekeeping. In Worcestershire it was said that you never hear the cuckoo before Tenbury Fair (April 20th) or after Pershore Fair (June 26th) where, apparently, he buys a horse and rides away on it. In the West Riding the cuckoo was said to arrive on the 21st April, and in Northamptonshire 15th April is called Cuckoo-Day. In Wales is was considered unlucky to hear a cuckoo before 6th of April, but if you heard it on the 28th then you would have prosperity all year.